Summer is almost here, and the mercury will be nearing triple digits before
long. While hot weather and high humidity are merely unpleasant for most people,
they pose serious dangers for the elderly. Their bodies are less able to adjust
to changes in temperature, and they may be taking medications that change the
body's response to heat. The good news is that heat-related
illnesses are preventable. This year, follow a few common sense rules to keep
seniors in your family and your community safe.
Common hot weather risks include:
Dehydration. Seniors are less sensitive to thirst signals, and may
drink less than they need. Remind them to maintain a steady intake of fluids
when taking part in outdoor activities, even if they do not feel thirsty. If
they are on medications that alter the body's processing of fluids, be sure they
check with their physicians to determine the proper amount of fluid intake.
Dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion and heatstroke.
Heatstroke. The most dangerous of the heat-related illnesses is
heatstroke, which can be fatal. In heatstroke, the body is unable to cool
itself. Symptoms can include high body temperature without sweating, dizziness,
and nausea. Emergency medical treatment is required.
Heat exhaustion. Less serious than heatstroke, heat exhaustion is
caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures and inadequate hydration.
Symptoms can include heavy sweating, pallor, dizziness, headache, and a quick pulse.
If you suspect either heat exhaustion or heatstroke, call for emergency
medical treatment.
As a caregiver or professional services provider with elderly clients, you
may be the only person to notice signs of these symptoms. Be aware that fans may
not be sufficient to cool a home effectively, particularly during periods of
high heat. Most cities operate cooling centers. Encourage your elderly clients
to take advantage of these services if they do not have air conditioning.
For links to a list of cooling centers in Illinois and Chicago, and more resources on these health issues, see the article on our website.
Sources:
Centers for Disease Control
National Safety Council